What are Permanent Contraceptive

 

Permanent Contraceptives: these are methods that once done can't be reversed. The most common form of permanent birth control (contraception) for women is called a tubal ligation or having the "tubes tied." This is a safe and highly effective option for women who wish to prevent pregnancy permanently.

Types of Permanent Contraceptives

1. vasectomy- a procedure done by a doctor in an office, hospital, or clinic to cut small tubes in your scrotum that carry sperm so to prevent pregnancy.
2. tubal ligation- the act of having your tubes tied or tubal sterilization.
3. Essure is for women who desire permanent birth control (female sterilization) by bilateral occlusion of the fallopian tubes and they can never have babies.

Side effects of Tubal Ligation

• It Damages the bowel, bladder, or major blood vessels. 
• Reaction to anesthesia. 
• Improper wound healing or infection.

Side Effects of Vasectomy

This type of family planning doesn't cause any noticeable side effects. However, serious complications are rare. 

Side effects right after surgery can include: 

• Bleeding or a blood clot (hematoma) inside the scrotum. 
• Blood in your semen.

Side Effects of Essure 

The side effects of Essure are mild to moderate pain during and immediately following the Essure placement procedure.

• Cramping.
• vaginal bleeding, 
• nausea.
•  vomiting.
•  dizziness.
• lightheadedness,.
• Also, pelvic or back discomfort is experienced immediately after the procedure.

Advantages of permanent contraception

• It does not affect sex drive. 
• It doesn't interfere with the spontaneity of sexual intercourse. 
• There is no effect on your normal hormonal rhythms or periods.

The natural method of contraception

• Temperature method.
• Calendar method.
•  Cervical mucus method.
•  Lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) and coitus interruptus.
•  The withdrawal method.

Hormonal contraceptives

Hormonal contraceptives act on the endocrine system. However, almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive. They include:

• The pill, 
• The mini pill, 
• The contraceptive patch
•  The vaginal ring, as well as long-acting reversible contraception methods.

Pills

There are two types of pills; Combination birth control pills and mini pills.

A combination of birth control pills contains both estrogen and progestin. Mini pills contain only progestin.

Combined birth control pills

Combined birth control pills photo

Combined birth control pills-Is Combination birth control pills, also known as the pill, are oral contraceptives that contain estrogen and progestin. They are taken daily. Also, they are taken at a particular time for example if you take them at 10 pm you will be taking them every day at 10pm. Once you miss one day you are supported to take two pills immediately after you remembered. The brown pills contain iron. They are supported to be taken while you are on your period.  

 Side effects of Combined birth control pills;

The effects of Combined birth control pills include;

• bleeding or spotting — more common with continuous-dosing or extended-cycle pills.
• Breast tenderness. The breast becomes so painful. 
• Elevated blood pressure. Your blood pressure may be high or low. 
• Headaches. Most ladies complain of frequent headaches and migraines. 
• Nausea. You feel like vomiting anything that you take. 
• Bloating. Your stomach gets full of gas which causes bloating.

The long-term effect of Combined birth control pills include;

1. An increase in your blood pressure. 
2. An increase in your risk of blood clots. 
3. An increase in your risk of breast cancer and cervical cancer – it's thought that 10 years after you stop the pill, your risk of these cancers will have returned to normal.

The Mini pill

They contain only synthetic progestogens and do not contain estrogen. They are colloquially known as Progestogen-only pills or progestin-only pills. 

Side effects of Hormonal contraceptives; They are also taken daily at a particular time. 

The Mini pill photo

The side effects of Mini Pills include;

1. They may cause Irregular menstrual bleeding and spotting.
2. They may cause Acne.
3. They may cause Breast tenderness.
4. They may couse Decreased sex drive, also called libido.
5. They may cause Depression.
6. They may cause Headaches.
7. They may cause Nausea.
8. They may couse Ovarian cysts.

The side effects of Contraceptive

• Weight gain.
• Headaches.
• Sore breasts.
• Irregular periods.
• Mood changes.
• Decreased sexual desire.
• Acne.
• Nausea.

The contraceptive patch

The patch is a transdermal patch applied to the skin that releases synthetic estrogen and progestogen hormones to prevent pregnancy.

The contraceptive patch phot